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Post by matermaster on May 7, 2012 16:18:28 GMT -5
Just found out that I may be able to do the doctoral research project that I've been dreaming about.
In essence, I get to cross breed tomatoes for school credit hopefully.
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Post by matermaster on May 9, 2012 14:22:23 GMT -5
Looks like we're going to do some selective breeding to maximize disease resistance and production of a determinate tomato plant. Feel free to post below your thoughts on traits we should select for and varieties that can be used.
Plant should be:
Heat tolerant
Tolerant to Early and Late Blight, Gray Leaf Spot, Septoria Leaf Spot, Nematodes, Verticillium Wilt, Blossom End Rot
We're also wanting HEAVY production of a crack-resistant red fruit from 6-8 oz with mid to late season production.
Possible varieties for consideration?
We've discussed Mule Team, Manalucie and a few others. What dwarf types should we use?
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Post by tucsontomato on May 10, 2012 15:10:55 GMT -5
Dear Matermaster,
Welcome to the forum, if I haven't said hello yet.
Congratulations on your opportunity to do research on something you enjoy!
Could you please quantify what you mean by "heat"?
The real difficulty I encounter is that I am dealing with heat (over 100 degrees during the day and over 80 degrees at night) I can cut the advertised tomato weight in half. VERY FEW tomato varieties can take the heat and pump out large tomatoes. In extreme heat even the best varieties need at least partial shade or west side shade away from sources of radiant heat to be able to survive. Reducing environmental stress by removing plants from extreme heat and disease is a sure way to grow healthy marketable tomatoes.
I’m also going to be a bit cynical here by saying, “Let me know when you find a tomato that fits your description”. I have grown a host of open-pollinated tomato varieties over the years, seeking for a variety that fits your description - though I would love to try something that would work well for my garden. Of the heirloom varieties I have tried, most are able to tolerate a few diseases but are otherwise susceptible to many others.
In relation to Mule Team: I was highly disappointed with the vigor, fruit, and heat resistance of this cultivar (seed obtained from Baker Creek).
Celebrity has all of the traits you are looking for - but it is a hybrid. As with other tomato plants – it cannot fight against disease when planted in soil that has recently been diseased.
Stupice is a heat and disease resistant heirloom but produces smaller fruit of variable size.
Ozark Pink is the most resistant to foliage disease than any other open-pollinated tomato variety I have encountered. It is moderately resistant to heat, but in cases of extreme heat it produces small tomatoes. Additionally, it is an indeterminate.
Siletz is very heat resistant, semi-determinate, resistant to Verticillium and Fursillium (spelling?) but has no tolerance to Mosaic.
Neptune has incredible heat resistance, is determinate, and has good disease resistance. It is a true determinate – though its fruit still does not grow as large as catalogues advertise if you are growing it in extreme heat.
I have trialed many other varieties touted as “heat resistant” or “disease resistant” including the Tropic VFN. None of the other varieties I have trialed have been able to withstand the stresses of my desert environment like the ones aforementioned.
Again, congratulations! I honestly wish you the best on your quest to breed a tomato that fits your discription. I hope you will succeed.
Please keep us updated on your progress!
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steves
New Member
Searching for (or creating) the ultimate mater!
Posts: 11
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Post by steves on Sept 4, 2012 13:57:09 GMT -5
Can you give us an update on what you have done with your breeding? Just to put my 2 cents in, for disease resistance I would suggest varieties such as Matt's Wild Cherry or Galapagos Orange Grape. If you could get permission, you could access the most up-to-date disease resistance genes in the hybrid Tasti-Lee. Steve
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PVP
Tomatophile
head spellerer
Only an Amateur
Posts: 798
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Post by PVP on Sept 7, 2012 14:55:45 GMT -5
Q. What disease resistances does IFAS advertise for Tasti-Lee?
A. Tasti-Lee is resistant to fusarium wilt races 1,2, and 3; verticillium wilt race 1; and gray leaf spot. Basically, these are the same resistances as enjoyed by several Univ. of Florida OPEN POLLINATED varieties.
Q. So, why use the hybrid Tasti-Lee rather than an open pollinated variety with the same resistances as a parent?
A. I don't know, but I will try to find an answer.
Q. Is Tasti-Lee susceptible to disorders to which other Open Pollinated vars. are resistant?
A. Oh yes! Tasti-Lee is susceptible to Gray Wall disorder, Zippering under some climatic conditions, and Bacterial Wilt. Neptune, an IFAS O.P. cultivar, for example, is resistant to Bacterial Wilt and is highly heat tolerant. Tasti-Lee is only moderately hotset capable.
Q. If I want to use a hybrid cultivar as a parent, are there others that are hotset, OG (high red), with advanced disease resistances to diseases and disorders including TSWV, TYLCV, Bacterial Wilt, Gray Wall, etc., etc.?
A. Oh hell yeah!
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PVP
Tomatophile
head spellerer
Only an Amateur
Posts: 798
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Post by PVP on Sept 7, 2012 15:15:12 GMT -5
If I were supported by a university's program and wanted to develop a new line of tomatoes, I would be looking to develop high lycopene or high beta carotene, short stake, determinate, blemish free fruit, salt tolerant, calcareous soil tolerant, multiple tropical disease resistant, open pollinated cultivars that could be GIVEN to villages and tribes in tropical 3rd World communities.
Flora-Dade, and some other Walter-derived cultivars from the University of Florida carry salt tolerance and proven records of producing in calcareous and salt soils as well as in conditions where irrigation water is salty and the winds are in-shore salt winds.
Suncoast, also from IFAS, is an open pollinated cultivar frequently seen in the pedigree of modern breeding lines. Suncoast has the OG (crimson) gene as well as genes contributed by Walter and sister lines of Flora-Dade, so I suspect it is somewhat salt tolerant (I'm hoping).
Then I would use hybrids with TSWV and TYLCV resistances in an attempt to import those resistances, as well as a nematode root knot resistance. I'm not sure you can get all three from a NCSU hybrid, but there is a new hybrid from Semenis that has TSWV, TYLCV, and root knot resistance (maybe just intermediate), called PS-01522935 available from Twilley Seed.
I'm not bothering to mention F and V because all these modern cultivars have that resistance, or should.
I've found Carolina Gold to be a fabulous hotset tomato that bears up amazingly under drought and high heat. The two breeding lines that comprise Carolina Gold are so similar, that I can't imagine the F1 causing any significant problems as a parent, and I think you could get good gray wall resistance from it.
Bottom line, whatever you use for breeding parentage, if you're in a university program, don't dork around with artsy fartsy Americana artisan doo-dads ... breed something that will feed the 3rd World ... and something sustainable.
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tomato
Tomato Gardener
Posts: 58
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Post by tomato on Sept 21, 2012 21:20:50 GMT -5
The traits you mention are present in limited degree in the tomato genome. Finding and concentrating those traits will be a job for a master breeder with a ton of resources to draw on. While several good suggestions are above, here are some more varieties and traits you can use.
Very High production - If you dig around, you will find that there are very few determinate hybrids on the market that have this trait. You can however easily introgress this trait from Eva Purple Ball.
Verticillium, Fusarium 1, 2, 3, Nematode, Tobacco mosaic virus, are genes in a few good packages that you can readily find.
Ph2 and Ph3 are two nice genes to include for late blight tolerance. You can get some advanced selections from Randy Gardner or get Skykomish from Tom Wagner.
Early Blight tolerance is present in several lines including Burgundy Traveler.
LA4442 has SW-7 which is a new spotted wilt gene.
B^og as mentioned above should be included for high crimson. It is available in several lines from Florida.
Gray Leaf Spot tolerance is readily available from Tropic.
Piennolo Del Vesuvio has extremely long shelf life
Heat tolerance is a will-o-the-wisp. I have not found any truly heat tolerant tomatoes. There are variations in heat set ability as you will find if you read the Florida publications. You can grab some of the necessary genes from Sun Leaper or similar varieties.
DarJones
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